What happened when Pancho Villa attacked Columbus, New Mexico?

When Pancho Villa attacked Columbus, New Mexico, a series of significant events unfolded that are captured in the details of the selected answer. The attack occurred on March 9, 1916, when Villa and his men, known as "Villistas," launched a surprise raid on the town, leading to destruction and loss of life. The raid resulted in the deaths of 19 Americans and 90 Mexicans, underlining the violence of the confrontation and its impact on both nations.

In response to this aggression, President Wilson ordered General John J. Pershing to lead a military expedition into Mexico, aiming to capture Villa and prevent further cross-border raids. This military action marked a pivotal moment in U.S.-Mexico relations and highlighted the complexities surrounding border security during that era.

The cumulative effects of the attack, including the violence inflicted by the Villistas, the notable loss of life, and the subsequent military pursuit by U.S. forces, collectively validate the choice of "All of the above" as the correct response, as it encompasses the full scope of events that transpired following the attack on Columbus.