What happened on the border as a result of the National Defense Act of 1916?

The National Defense Act of 1916 was a pivotal legislative measure in response to increasing tensions and conflicts along the Mexican border, particularly following the Pancho Villa Expedition. As a consequence of this act, the U.S. government aimed to bolster military preparedness and presence along the border to ensure security and stability in the region.

By June of 1916, the mobilization of 130,000 regular Army and National Guard troops to patrol the Mexican border was a direct result of this heightened focus on defense and readiness. This significant military deployment was intended to deter further raids and incursions from Mexican revolutionaries and to maintain order during a period of uncertainty and potential conflict. This proactive strategy demonstrated the U.S. government's commitment to protecting its borders and handling any cross-border violence stemming from the political turmoil in Mexico.

The other outcomes mentioned in the choices do not accurately reflect the historical context or the implications of the National Defense Act. The act did not lead to the withdrawal of troops or leave border conditions unchanged, nor did it prevent General Pershing from entering Mexico, as he was already conducting an expedition as part of this broader response to border security issues.